Phase tracking reference signal sending method and apparatus

ABSTRACT

This application provides a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sending method and apparatus. The method includes: implicitly determining, by a terminal device based on obtained uplink grant information and a preset rule, a to-be-sent PTRS and an antenna port for carrying the to-be-sent PTRS, where the antenna port is selected from an antenna port set, and the to-be-sent PTRS is one or more of all available PTRSs; and putting the to-be-sent PTRS on the antenna port, and sending the to-be-sent PTRS on the antenna port. This implicit indication method can effectively reduce air interface signaling overheads and improve air interface efficiency.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/144,497, filed on Sep. 27, 2018, which is a continuation ofInternational Application No. PCT/CN2018/094478, filed on Jul. 4, 2018,which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201711148028.X,filed on Nov. 17, 2017. All of the afore-mentioned patent applicationsare hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application relates to the field of communications technologies,and in particular, to a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sendingmethod and apparatus.

BACKGROUND

In an existing wireless communications network (such as a 2G, 3G, or 4Gnetwork, where G is short for generation), operating frequency bands ofcommunications systems are all in a frequency range below 6 GHz.Available operating frequency bands in this frequency range arestrained, and an increasing communication requirement cannot be met. Onthe other hand, there are a large quantity of frequency bands not fullyutilized in a frequency range above 6 GHz. Therefore, a future (forexample, 5G) wireless communications network whose operating frequencyband is above 6 GHz is under research and development in the industry,to provide an ultrafast data communications service. In the frequencyrange above 6 GHz, frequency bands at 28 GHz, 39 GHz, 60 GHz, 73 GHz,and the like are available for a next-generation wireless communicationsnetwork. Because an operating frequency band of the next-generationwireless communications network is above 6 GHz, the next-generationwireless communications network has significant features of ahigh-frequency communications system, such as a high-bandwidth andhighly integrated antenna array, and a relatively high throughput iseasy to achieve. However, compared with the existing wirelesscommunications network, the next-generation wireless communicationsnetwork operating in a range above 6 GHz is subject to severerintermediate radio frequency distortion, especially impact caused byphase noise (PHN). In addition, a Doppler effect and a central frequencyoffset (CFO) have greater impact on performance of the high-frequencycommunications system as a frequency band increases. The phase noise,the Doppler effect, and the CFO have one thing in common, that is, aphase error is introduced into data reception in the high-frequencycommunications system, and therefore the high-frequency communicationssystem is degraded in performance or even cannot operate.

Using the phase noise as an example, with an increase in a frequencyband, a phase noise level increases by 20*log(f1/f2) dB. Using a 2 GHzfrequency band and a 28 GHz frequency band as an example, a phase noiselevel of the 28 GHz frequency band is 23 dB higher than that of the 2GHz frequency band. A higher phase noise level causes a larger phaseerror, and then has greater impact on a signal.

A reference signal is a to-be-sent signal to which a known pilot symbolis added by a transmit end, and a receive end performs a specificfunction based on information about the known pilot symbol. A mostcommon method for phase noise estimation is estimating a phase error byusing an inserted phase tracking reference signal (PTRS).

Because of physical features of the phase noise, PTRS design usually hasthe following features:

The phase noise randomly changes in time, and a coherence time isrelatively short. In the phase tracking reference signal design, thecoherence time may be understood as a quantity of consecutive orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols that have same phasenoise. Therefore, a reference signal for phase noise estimation usuallyneeds to have relatively high time-domain density. In addition, thereare different requirements for time-domain density of the PTRS underdifferent transmission conditions.

The phase noise is generated due to non-ideality of a local oscillator.Different antenna ports that have a same local oscillator have samephase noise. Demodulation reference signal (DMRS) antenna portsphysically connected to a same local oscillator have same phase noise.One antenna port corresponds to one DMRS port. Therefore, only one PTRSantenna port needs to be configured for the plurality of DMRS antennaports that have the same local oscillator, to carry a PTRS. Phase noiseon this group of DMRS antenna ports can be estimated by using the PTRSsent on the PTRS antenna port.

With development of communications technologies, a plurality of localoscillators may be used to form an antenna port set. This means thatdifferent PTRSs need to be used. How to select a proper PTRS becomes anew task.

SUMMARY

This application provides a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS)sending method and apparatus.

According to a first aspect, this application provides a phase trackingreference signal PTRS sending method, including obtaining, by a terminaldevice, uplink grant information, determining, by the terminal devicebased on the uplink grant information and a preset rule, a to-be-sentPTRS and an antenna port for carrying the to-be-sent PTRS, where theantenna port is selected from an antenna port set, and the to-be-sentPTRS is one or more of all available PTRSs, and putting, by the terminaldevice, the to-be-sent PTRS on the antenna port, and sending theto-be-sent PTRS.

According to the method in this aspect, a quantity of to-be-sent PTRSsand antenna ports for carrying the PTRSs are implicitly obtained basedonly on the preset rule and control information, such as precodingand/or a rank, in the uplink grant information, and no explicitindication signaling is required. This effectively reduces controlsignaling overheads and improves air interface transmission efficiency.

In a possible design, before the terminal device determines, based onthe uplink grant information and the preset rule, the to-be-sent PTRSand the antenna port for carrying the to-be-sent PTRS, the terminaldevice determines a quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs.

In a possible design, the antenna port set is a scheduling antenna portset.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes precodingcodeword information; and the preset rule includes the following: eachcolumn of a precoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codewordinformation and each antenna port in the antenna port set are in aone-to-one correspondence, and antenna ports in the antenna port setthat correspond to columns in which non-zero elements in a same row ofthe precoding codeword are located correspond to a same to-be-sent PTRS.

In a possible design, the columns in which the non-zero elements in thesame row of the precoding codeword are located belong to a same group,and the group and the to-be-sent PTRS are in a one-to-onecorrespondence.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes precodingcodeword information; and the preset rule includes the following: eachrow of a precoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codewordinformation and each antenna port in the antenna port set are in aone-to-one correspondence, and if there is more than one non-zeroelement in a same row of the precoding codeword, sending antenna portscorresponding to rows in which all non-zero elements in columns of themore than one non-zero element are located correspond to a same PTRS.

In a possible design, rows in which non-zero elements in a same columnof the precoding codeword are located belong to a same group, and thegroup and the to-be-sent PTRS are in a one-to-one correspondence.

In a possible design, the precoding codeword is one codeword in acodebook subset restriction CBSR.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes rankinformation, and a value of the rank is R; and the preset rule is thatthe quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs is min(R, C), min(S, C), or min(Q, C),where C is a maximum quantity of PTRSs supported by the terminal deviceor a maximum quantity of PTRSs configured by a network device for theterminal device, S is a minimum quantity of PTRSs supported by theterminal device when R is given, Q is a maximum quantity of PTRSssupported by the terminal device when R is given, and C, R, S, and Q arepositive integers.

In a possible design, any PTRS in all the available PTRSs corresponds totwo or more antenna ports in the antenna port set, and antenna portscorresponding to any two different PTRSs are completely different.

In a possible design, a correspondence manner in which any PTRS in allthe available PTRSs corresponds to two or more antenna ports in theantenna port set is notified by using higher layer signaling or downlinkcontrol signaling or is preset.

In a possible design, an antenna port, in the antenna portscorresponding to the any PTRS, that is configured to send the any PTRSis notified by using higher layer signaling or downlink controlsignaling or is preset.

In a possible design, the preset rule is notified by using higher layersignaling or downlink control signaling or is preset.

In a possible design, before the terminal device obtains the uplinkgrant information, the terminal device sends, to the network device, acorrespondence between all the available PTRSs and antenna ports in theantenna port set.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes X bits, andthe X bits are used to indicate a number of the antenna port forcarrying the to-be-sent PTRS or a number of a DMRS port associated withthe PTRS. Indication manners are different for different quantities ofto-be-sent PTRSs.

In a possible design, the PTRS sending method may be implemented byusing hardware, for example, implemented by using a circuit or one ormore integrated circuits. Alternatively, the PTRS sending method may beimplemented by using software. For example, one or more processorsperform the PTRS sending method by reading an instruction stored in amemory. The one or more processors may be integrated on one chip, or maybe distributed on a plurality of chips. Alternatively, the PTRS sendingmethod may be implemented by using a combination of hardware andsoftware. For example, a processor performs the step of “determining ato-be-sent PTRS” by reading an instruction stored in a memory, while thestep of “sending the to-be-sent PTRS” is performed by using a logiccircuit or an accelerator. Certainly, during specific implementation, aperson skilled in the art may also use a combination of the foregoingmanners.

According to a second aspect, this application provides a PTRS sendingapparatus, including: an obtaining module, configured to obtain uplinkgrant information a determining module, configured to determine, basedon the uplink grant information and a preset rule, a to-be-sent PTRS andan antenna port for carrying the to-be-sent PTRS, where the antenna portis selected from an antenna port set, and the to-be-sent PTRS is one ormore of all available PTRSs, and a sending module, configured to put theto-be-sent PTRS on the antenna port, and send the to-be-sent PTRS.

In a possible design, before determining, based on the uplink grantinformation and the preset rule, the to-be-sent PTRS and the antennaport for carrying the to-be-sent PTRS, the determining module is furtherconfigured to determine a quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs.

In a possible design, the antenna port set is a scheduling antenna portset.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes precodingcodeword information; and the preset rule includes the following: eachcolumn of a precoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codewordinformation and each antenna port in the antenna port set are in aone-to-one correspondence, and antenna ports in the antenna port setthat correspond to columns in which non-zero elements in a same row ofthe precoding codeword are located correspond to a same to-be-sent PTRS.

In a possible design, the columns in which the non-zero elements in thesame row of the precoding codeword are located belong to a same group,and the group and the to-be-sent PTRS are in a one-to-onecorrespondence.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes precodingcodeword information; and the preset rule includes the following: eachrow of a precoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codewordinformation and each antenna port in the antenna port set are in aone-to-one correspondence, and if there is more than one non-zeroelement in a same row of the precoding codeword, sending antenna portscorresponding to rows in which all non-zero elements in columns of themore than one non-zero element are located correspond to a same PTRS.

In a possible design, rows in which non-zero elements in a same columnof the precoding codeword are located belong to a same group, and thegroup and the to-be-sent PTRS are in a one-to-one correspondence.

In a possible design, the precoding codeword is one codeword in acodebook subset restriction CBSR.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes rankinformation, and a value of the rank is R; and the preset rule is thatthe quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs is min(R, C), min(S, C), or min(Q, C),where C is a maximum quantity of PTRSs supported by the apparatus or amaximum quantity of PTRSs configured by a network device for theapparatus, S is a minimum quantity of PTRSs supported by the apparatuswhen R is given, Q is a maximum quantity of PTRSs supported by theapparatus when R is given, and C, R, S, and Q are positive integers.

In a possible design, any PTRS in all the available PTRSs corresponds totwo or more antenna ports in the antenna port set, and antenna portscorresponding to any two different PTRSs are completely different.

In a possible design, a correspondence manner in which any PTRS in allthe available PTRSs corresponds to two or more antenna ports in theantenna port set is notified by using higher layer signaling or downlinkcontrol signaling or is preset.

In a possible design, an antenna port, in the antenna portscorresponding to the any PTRS, that is configured to send the any PTRSis notified by using higher layer signaling or downlink controlsignaling or is preset.

In a possible design, the preset rule is notified by using higher layersignaling or downlink control signaling or is preset.

In a possible design, before the obtaining module obtains the uplinkgrant information, the sending module is further configured to send, tothe network device, a correspondence between all the available PTRSs andantenna ports in the antenna port set.

In a possible design, the uplink grant information includes X bits, andthe X bits are used to indicate a number of the antenna port forcarrying the to-be-sent PTRS. Manners of the indication are differentfor different quantities of to-be-sent PTRSs.

In a possible design, the apparatus is a terminal device.

For a beneficial effect of the PTRS sending apparatus provided in thesecond aspect and the possible designs of the second aspect, refer tothe beneficial effect in the first aspect and the possibleimplementations of the first aspect. Details are not described hereinagain.

According to a third aspect, this application provides a PTRS sendingapparatus, including a processor, where the processor is configured toinvoke a program instruction in a memory to perform the PTRS sendingmethod in any one of the first aspect and the possible designs of thefirst aspect.

In a possible design, the apparatus further includes the memory, wherethe memory is configured to store the program instruction.

The memory may be located inside the processor or outside the processor.The processor may be integrated in a terminal device or a base station.

The processor may be a circuit, one or more integrated circuits, or oneor more dedicated chips, or the processor may be a general-purpose chip.The foregoing PTRS sending function can be implemented by loading aprogram instruction used to implement the PTRS sending method to theprocessor. Alternatively, the processor may be one or a combination of acircuit, an integrated circuit, a dedicated chip, and a general-purposechip.

In a possible design, the apparatus is a terminal device.

According to a fourth aspect, this application provides a PTRS sendingapparatus, including an input interface, configured to obtain uplinkgrant information, a logic circuit, configured to perform, based on theobtained uplink grant information, the method in the first aspect andthe possible designs of the first aspect, to obtain a to-be-sent PTRS,and an output interface, configured to output the PTRS.

In a possible design, the apparatus is a terminal device.

According to a fifth aspect, this application provides a communicationsdevice, including the PTRS sending apparatus provided in the thirdaspect and the possible designs of the third aspect or in the fourthaspect and the possible designs of the fourth aspect, and a transceiver.

The transceiver is configured to send a PTRS.

According to a sixth aspect, this application provides a readablestorage medium, wherein the readable storage medium is configured tostore a computer program, and the computer program is used to implementthe PTRS sending method provided in the first aspect and the possibledesigns of the first aspect.

According to a seventh aspect, this application provides a programproduct, where the program product includes a computer program, thecomputer program is stored in a readable storage medium, at least oneprocessor of a PTRS sending apparatus may read the computer program fromthe readable storage medium, and the at least one processor executes thecomputer program so that the PTRS sending apparatus implements the PTRSsending method in the first aspect and the possible designs of the firstaspect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 1(b) are schematic architectural diagrams of acommunications system applied in an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of association between a PTRS antenna portand a DMRS antenna port;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a PTRS sending methodaccording to this application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a scheduling antenna port and a sendingantenna port according to this application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a PTRS receiving method according tothis application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a PTRS sending apparatusaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of a PTRS sending apparatusaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram 3 of a PTRS sending apparatusaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a PTRS receiving apparatusaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of a PTRS receivingapparatus according to an embodiment of this application; and

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram 3 of a PTRS receivingapparatus according to an embodiment of this application.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of this application may be applied to a wirelesscommunications system. It should be noted that the wirelesscommunications system mentioned in the embodiments of this applicationincludes but is not limited to a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system andthree main application scenarios of a next-generation 5G mobilecommunications system: Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliableand low latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine-typecommunications (mMTC). Alternatively, the wireless communications systemmay be a device-to-device (D2D) communications system, anothercommunications system, a future communications system, or the like.

A communications apparatus in this application may be configured in acommunications device, and the communications device mainly includes anetwork device or a terminal device. If a transmit end in thisapplication is a network device, a receive end is a terminal device; orif a transmit end in this application is a terminal device, a receiveend is a network device.

In an embodiment of this application, as shown in FIG. 1(a), acommunications system 100 includes a network device 110 and a terminaldevice 112. When the communications system 100 includes a core network,the network device 110 may be further connected to the core network. Thenetwork device 110 may further communicate with an IP network 200, suchas the Internet, a private IP network, or another data network. Anetwork device serves a terminal device within a coverage area of thenetwork device. For example, referring to FIG. 1(a), the network device110 provides wireless access for one or more terminal devices within acoverage area of the network device 110. In addition, there may be anoverlapping area between coverage areas of network devices, such as thenetwork device 110 and a network device 120. The network devices mayfurther communicate with each other. For example, the network device 110may communicate with the network device 120.

When sending information or data, both the network device 110 and theterminal device 112 can use a PTRS sending method described in anembodiment of this application. For ease of description, in thisembodiment of this application, the communications system 100 issimplified as a system including a transmit end 102 and a receive end101 in FIG. 1(b). The transmit end 102 is the terminal device 112, andthe receive end 101 may be the network device 110; or the transmit end102 is the network device 110, and the receive end 101 is the terminaldevice 112. The network device 110 may be a device configured tocommunicate with a terminal device. For example, the network device 110may be an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a network-sidedevice (gNodeB, gNB) in a 5G network, a network-side device in anothernetwork that communicates with a terminal device, or a network-sidedevice in a future network. Alternatively, the network device may be arelay station, an access point, an in-vehicle device, or the like. Inthe device-to-device (D2D) communications system, the network device mayalso be a terminal device that takes on the role of a base station. Theterminal device may include various handheld devices, in-vehicledevices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processingdevices connected to wireless modems; user equipments (UE) and mobilestations (MS) that are in various forms; and the like, where theforegoing devices have a wireless communication function.

Usually, in downlink control information (DCI) sent by a network device,the network device explicitly indicates a time-frequency resource, anantenna port, a precoding scheme, and the like that are used in uplinktransmission in which a terminal device sends data and controlinformation to the network device.

In a conventional system, because a terminal device uses only one localoscillator and has a relatively small quantity of antennas, all DMRSantenna ports are coherent ports, and only one PTRS is required.Therefore, no PTRS needs to be distinguished in DCI, and no dedicatedfield is required to grant a PTRS.

However, with development of communications technologies, a same networkdevice or terminal device may use an increasing quantity of antennas.Even if one local oscillator is used, it cannot be ensured that allantenna ports connected to the local oscillator are definitely coherent.Alternatively, a same terminal device uses a plurality of (“plurality”herein means “two or more”, the same below) local oscillators. In allthese cases, more than one PTRS is required, each PTRS port correspondsto one group of DMRS antenna ports, and DMRS antenna ports correspondingto any two different PTRS ports are completely different.

An association relationship further needs to be established between aPTRS antenna port and a specific DMRS antenna port in the group of theDMRS antenna ports. The PTRS antenna port and the DMRS antenna port inthe association relationship have same phase noise, and it may befurther considered that the PTRS antenna port and the DMRS antenna portexperience a same channel in a transmission process. When estimatingphase noise, a receive end may determine, by using the associationrelationship, an estimated channel of which DMRS antenna port needs tobe used to assist in phase noise estimation.

As shown in FIG. 2, DMRS antenna ports 1 and 2 are a group of antennaports that have same (or very close, without loss of generality,described as “same”) phase noise, and DMRS antenna ports 3, 4, and 5 area group of antenna ports that have same phase noise. These two groups ofDMRS antenna ports correspond to PTRS ports 6 and 7, respectively. To bespecific, it means that the PTRS port 6 and the DMRS antenna port group{1, 2} have same phase noise, and the PTRS port 7 and the DMRS antennaport group {3, 4, 5} have same phase noise. In the DMRS antenna portgroup {1, 2}, the PTRS port 6 and the DMRS antenna port 1 in the grouphave an association relationship and have a same channel (or have sameprecoding). In the DMRS antenna port group {3, 4, 5}, the PTRS port 7and the DMRS antenna port 3 have an association relationship andexperience a same channel. It may be considered that the antenna ports 1and 2 belong to one coherent antenna port set, and the antenna ports 3,4, and 5 belong to another coherent antenna port set. Herein, antennaport group numbers and the PTRS ports are in a one-to-onecorrespondence. A PTRS group 1 corresponds to the PTRS #6, and a PTRSgroup 2 corresponds to the PTRS #7. On the premise of not affectingclarity, the PTRS #6 may also be replaced with a PTRS #1, and the PTRS#7 may also be replaced with a PTRS #2.

The coherent antenna port set is a set including antenna ports that canperform coherent transmission. All antenna ports belonging to a sameantenna port set may perform coherent transmission. The coherenttransmission means that any joint precoding may be performed betweenantenna ports, to send a sounding reference signal (SRS), a physicaluplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a physical uplink control channel(PUCCH). The any joint precoding means that in a precoding vector ormatrix, a precoding coefficient corresponding to a group of antennaports for coherent transmission may be any element.

The coherent antenna port set is a corresponding coherent antenna portset in an SRS resource or resource set configured by a network by usingconfiguration information, or may be a coherent antenna port setreported by a terminal device to a network device by using higher layersignaling, or may be a coherent antenna port set configured by a networkdevice for a terminal by using higher layer signaling. Optionally, onetype of higher layer signaling may be codebook subset restriction (CBSR)signaling. The coherent antenna port set is determined by usingprecoding codeword information indicated in a CBSR. The higher layersignaling may be a radio resource control (RRC) message, a Media AccessControl control element (MAC CE) message, a combination thereof, orother control signaling. This is not limited in this application.

Optionally, the SRS resource configuration information sent by thenetwork device to the terminal device may include SRS port coherenceinformation. The port coherence information may be configured by using aplurality of methods. One configuration manner is indicating informationabout coherence between a plurality of antenna ports in one SRSresource. In another configuration manner, a plurality of SRS resourcesare configured, each SRS resource includes one or more antenna ports,the plurality of SRS resources are divided or grouped, and SRS antennaports in a same group of SRS resources are coherent transmission antennaports. Certainly, there may be another configuration manner. This is notlimited in this application.

Particularly, if all antenna ports of a communications device arecoherent, the communications device may be considered fully coherent,and there is only one PTRS. If all antenna port pairs of acommunications device are mutually incoherent, the communications devicemay be considered incoherent, and a quantity of PTRSs is equal to aquantity of DMRS antenna ports. If some of antenna port pairs of acommunications device may be coherent, the communications device may beconsidered partially coherent. FIG. 2 shows an example of partialcoherence.

Then, when a network device supports a plurality of PTRSs, in downlinktransmission, how does the network device notify a terminal devicewhether one or more PTRSs are used in downlink, which PTRS is used, andwhich DMRS antenna port is associated with each PTRS port? The networkdevice may notify, on a broadcast channel or in an access process of theterminal device, the terminal device of information about PTRSssupported by the network device. The information includes but is notlimited to a quantity of supported PTRSs, a DMRS antenna port groupcorresponding to each PTRS, and a number of a DMRS antenna portassociated with each PTRS port.

When a terminal device supports a plurality of PTRSs, in uplinktransmission, how does a network device notify the terminal devicewhether one or more PTRSs are used in the uplink transmission, whichPTRS is used, and which DMRS antenna port is associated with each PTRSport? Certainly, the terminal device may notify a base station of a PTRSsupport capability when accessing the network device. The PTRS supportcapability includes but is not limited to a quantity of supported PTRSs,a DMRS antenna port group corresponding to each PTRS, and a number of aDMRS antenna port associated with each PTRS port.

To resolve the foregoing two problems, a simple solution may be used: Afield is added to existing DCI, to specially indicate a quantity ofPTRSs used in downlink and/or a PTRS port number, or a quantity of PTRSsused by the terminal device in the uplink transmission and/or a PTRSport number; or quasi-static granting is performed by using higher layersignaling. However, this method inevitably causes an increase inoverheads. For example, when a device supports two PTRSs, two bits arerequired. In this manner, although PTRS-related information can betransferred to a receive end very clearly, overheads are undoubtedlylarge.

Therefore, to effectively control overheads, an implicit manner may beused for indication. In this indication manner, information, such asprecoding information and rank information, included in uplink grantinformation is fully utilized. In this way, a terminal implicitlyobtains a quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs and antenna ports for carryingthe PTRSs, based only on a preset rule and control information, such asprecoding and/or a rank, in the uplink grant information, and noexplicit indication signaling is required. This effectively reducescontrol signaling overheads and improves air interface transmissionefficiency. Detailed descriptions are provided below.

Using uplink transmission of a terminal device as an example, FIG. 3 isa flowchart of an embodiment of a PTRS sending method according to thisapplication. As shown in FIG. 3, this embodiment is executed by aterminal device (a PTRS transmit end). The method in this embodiment mayinclude the following steps.

S101. Obtain uplink grant information.

The terminal device obtains the uplink grant information sent by anetwork device. The uplink grant information is usually delivered by thenetwork device, and may be included in DCI, or may be included inanother type of control message that can carry the uplink grantinformation.

The network device determines, based on factors such as a PTRS supportedby the terminal device, channel information, and system load, the uplinkgrant information corresponding to the terminal device.

S102. Determine a quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs.

The quantity of uplink to-be-sent PTRSs is determined based on aquantity of coherent antenna port sets in transmission precodingcorresponding to precoding codeword information and/or rank informationin the uplink grant information.

In an example, the precoding codeword information herein may be atransmission precoding matrix indicator (TPMI) in LTE or informationused to indicate a precoding codeword in 5G or a future communicationstechnology. This is not limited herein.

In an example, the rank information herein may be a transmission rankindicator (TRI) in LTE or information used to indicate a rank in 5G or afuture communications technology. This is not limited herein.

S103. Determine, based on the uplink grant information and a presetrule, a to-be-sent PTRS and an antenna port for carrying the to-be-sentPTRS, where the antenna port is selected from an antenna port set, andthe to-be-sent PTRS is one or more of all available PTRSs.

Optionally, step S102 and step S103 may be combined. In other words,when the antenna port for carrying the to-be-sent PTRS is determined, aquantity of antenna ports is the quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs.Therefore, in descriptions of this application, S102 and S103 are notclearly distinguished.

For example, based on a correspondence between a PTRS port and anantenna port in the coherent antenna port set and information, about anantenna port that can perform coherent transmission, of a transmissionprecoding matrix corresponding to the TPMI in the uplink grantinformation, the terminal device determines that a PTRS port correspondsto at least one port in an uplink DMRS port (or an uplink DMRS portset). The coherent antenna port set is a set including antenna portsthat can perform coherent transmission. All antenna ports belonging to asame antenna port set may perform coherent transmission. The coherenttransmission means that any joint precoding may be performed betweenantenna ports, to send a sounding reference signal (SRS), a physicaluplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a physical uplink control channel(PUCCH). The any joint precoding means that in a precoding vector ormatrix, a precoding coefficient corresponding to a group of antennaports for coherent transmission may be any element. The coherent antennaport set is a corresponding coherent antenna port set in an SRSconfigured for the terminal device, or may be a coherent antenna portset reported by the terminal device to the network device by usinghigher layer signaling.

When the uplink grant information includes the precoding codewordinformation, the information about the antenna port that can performcoherent transmission may be determined based on a precoding codewordcorresponding to the precoding codeword information, and it may bedetermined, based on the correspondence of the antenna port in thecoherent antenna port set, that the PTRS port corresponds to at leastone uplink DMRS port. The precoding codeword information may be atransmission precoding codeword index, a precoding codeword jointlycoded with a rank or an index of a precoding codeword jointly coded witha rank, or precoding information in any other form.

As shown in FIG. 4, when an antenna port is mentioned, there may beactually two different meanings. One is an antenna port beforeprecoding, which may as well be referred to as a scheduling antennaport. In this case, a quantity of DMRS antenna ports is M, in otherwords, an antenna port set includes M scheduling antenna ports. Theother is an antenna port after precoding, which may as well be referredto as a sending antenna port. In this case, a quantity of DMRS antennaports is N, in other words, an antenna port set includes N sendingantenna ports. However, it should be noted that both the schedulingantenna port and the sending antenna port actually have same impact onfinal air interface transmission, and are merely differentrepresentations in a signal processing procedure. If X represents avector before precoding, P represents a precoding codeword, Y representsa precoding output vector, and Y=PX, a dimension of the precodingcodeword P is N×M. It should be noted that in actual application, aquantity of physical antennas in FIG. 4 is not necessarily N, but may begreater than N as required.

As an application scenario varies, a scheduling antenna port forcarrying a PTRS may be determined, or a sending antenna port forcarrying a PTRS may be determined.

Specifically, a preset rule 1 may be specified as follows: Each columnof the precoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codewordinformation and the M scheduling antenna ports in the antenna port setare in a one-to-one correspondence, and if there is more than onenon-zero element in a same row of the precoding codeword, schedulingantenna ports corresponding to columns in which the more than onenon-zero element is located are coherent antenna ports, to be specific,correspond to a same PTRS. In other words, the columns of the precodingcodeword that correspond to the coherent antenna ports in the antennaport set are in a same group, the columns in which the non-zero elementsin the same row of the precoding codeword are located belong to a samegroup, and the group and the to-be-sent PTRS are in a one-to-onecorrespondence. Optionally, the group may be further numbered, and agroup number and a PTRS port number are in a one-to-one correspondence.

Similarly, a preset rule 2 may be specified as follows: Each row of theprecoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codeword informationand the N sending antenna ports in the antenna port set are in aone-to-one correspondence, and if there is more than one non-zeroelement in a same row of the precoding codeword, sending antenna portscorresponding to rows in which all non-zero elements in columns of themore than one non-zero element are located are coherent antenna ports,to be specific, correspond to a same PTRS. In other words, the rows ofthe precoding codeword that correspond to the coherent antenna ports inthe antenna port set are in a same group, rows in which non-zeroelements in a same column of the precoding codeword are located belongto a same group, and the group and the to-be-sent PTRS are in aone-to-one correspondence. Optionally, the group may be furthernumbered, and a group number and a PTRS port number are in a one-to-onecorrespondence.

Using a terminal device having four antenna ports as an example, amaximum of four layers of data transmission are supported simultaneously(both M and N are less than or equal to 4). It is assumed that the fourantenna ports may be divided into two groups, each group includes twoantenna ports, and the two antenna ports can perform coherenttransmission. For example, the two antenna ports correspond to a pair ofcross polarization antennas, or the two antenna ports correspond to oneantenna panel. According to the foregoing rule, PTRS ports finallydetermined by the terminal device are shown in Table 1. In atransmission precoding vector or matrix, corresponding β_(i) (where i=0,1, 2, . . . , 6) is a power normalization coefficient, all letterparameters in P_(i) (where i=0, 1, 2, . . . , 6) are weightcoefficients, and are usually complex numbers whose modulus value rangesfrom 0 to 1 (including 0 and 1). On the premise that a rank requirementis met, some weight coefficients may be 0. Without loss of generality, arow number or a column number is directly used to represent an antennaport number.

Optionally, by using all or a part of Table 1 and a table lookup method,the terminal device may directly search for, based on the precodingcodeword, the antenna port for carrying the PTRS. Certainly, Table 1 ismerely an example.

TABLE 1 Preset rule 2: Preset rule 1: A sending antenna port Ascheduling antenna port carries a PTRS carries a PTRS Quantity Quantityof groups of groups Number of of of a sending scheduling schedulingantenna Number of a antenna antenna ports sending Precoding ports portfor (quantity antenna port codeword (matrix (quantity carrying a of forcarrying a Rank or vector) M of PTRSs) PTRS N PTRSs) PTRS 1$P_{0} = {\frac{1}{\beta_{0}}\begin{bmatrix}a_{11} \\a_{21} \\0 \\0\end{bmatrix}}$ 1 1 #1 2 1 #1 or #2 1$P_{1} = {\frac{1}{\beta_{1}}\begin{bmatrix}0 \\0 \\a_{31} \\a_{41}\end{bmatrix}}$ 1 1 #1 2 1 #3 or #4 2$P_{2} = {\frac{1}{\beta_{2}}\begin{bmatrix}b_{11} & 0 \\b_{21} & 0 \\0 & b_{32} \\0 & b_{42}\end{bmatrix}}$ 2 2 #1 (carrying a PTRS #1) #2 (carrying a PTRS #2) 4 2#1 or #2 (carrying a PTRS #1) #3 or #4 (carrying a PTRS #2)* 2$P_{3} = {\frac{1}{\beta_{3}}\begin{bmatrix}c_{11} & c_{12} \\c_{21} & c_{22} \\0 & 0 \\0 & 0\end{bmatrix}}$ 2 1 #1 or #2 2 1 #1 or #2 3$P_{4} = {\frac{1}{\beta_{4}}\begin{bmatrix}d_{11} & d_{12} & 0 \\d_{21} & d_{22} & 0 \\0 & 0 & d_{33} \\0 & 0 & d_{43}\end{bmatrix}}$ 3 2 #1 or #2 (carrying the PTRS #1) #3 (carrying thePTRS #2) 4 2 #1 or #2 (carrying the PTRS #1) #3 or #4 (carrying the PTRS#2) 3 $P_{5} = {\frac{1}{\beta_{5}}\begin{bmatrix}e_{11} & 0 & e_{13} \\0 & e_{22} & 0 \\e_{31} & 0 & e_{33} \\0 & e_{42} & 0\end{bmatrix}}$ 3 2 #1 or #3 (carrying the PTRS #1) #2 (carrying thePTRS #2) 4 2 #1 or #3 (carrying the PTRS #1) #2 or #4 (carrying the PTRS#2) 4 $P_{6} = {\frac{1}{\beta_{6}}\begin{bmatrix}f_{11} & 0 & f_{13} & 0 \\0 & f_{22} & 0 & f_{24} \\f_{31} & 0 & f_{33} & 0 \\0 & f_{42} & 0 & f_{44}\end{bmatrix}}$ 4 2 #1 or #3 (carrying the PTRS #1) #2 or #4 (carryingthe PTRS #2) 4 2 #1 or #3 (carrying the PTRS #1) #2 or #4 (carrying thePTRS #2) Herein, *means that #1 or #2 may be alternatively used to carrythe PTRS #2, and #3 or #4 may be alternatively used to carry the PTRS#1, provided that there is a pre-agreement.This does not affect the essence of the method in this application. Amapping manner for the other two PTRSs and antenna ports is similar.Table 1 is merely an example.

Based on Table 1, there may be the following deductions, including butnot limited to:

(1) For a same precoding codeword, a same quantity of PTRSs is obtainedaccording to different preset rules.

(2) Even for a same rank, according to a same preset rule, quantities ofPTRSs that correspond to different precoding codewords may be the sameor may be different. For example, for P₂ and P₃, according to the presetrule 1, a quantity of PTRSs that corresponds to P₂ is 1, and a quantityof PTRSs that corresponds to P₃ is 2; according to the preset rule 2, aquantity of PTRSs that corresponds to P₂ is 2, and a quantity of PTRSsthat corresponds to P₃ is 4.

(3) Even for a same quantity of PTRSs, according to different presetrules, selected antenna ports for carrying PTRSs may be the same or maybe different. For example, for P₀ and P₁, according to the preset rule1, only the antenna port #1 can be selected; however, according to thepreset rule 2, an antenna port corresponding to P₀ and P₁ is not limitedto the antenna port #1, and particularly, the antenna port #1 cannot beselected to carry a PTRS corresponding to P₁.

(4) For a given antenna group, if a plurality of PTRSs need to besupported, only some precoding codewords may be selected. For example,for P₄ and P₅, because a PTRS corresponds to an antenna port indifferent manners, an antenna port needs to be determined based on anantenna group feature of a terminal.

It should be noted that “or” in Table 1 indicates that related antennaports are coherent antenna ports and belong to a same coherent antennaport set. Which antenna port in a coherent antenna port setcorresponding to a same PTRS is used to carry the PTRS is not limited inthis application. Optionally, a correspondence between one PTRS port andantenna ports in all coherent antenna ports corresponding to the PTRSport includes but is not limited to that a number of the PTRS portcorresponds to a largest antenna port number, a smallest antenna portnumber, an odd number, an even number, or any antenna port numberdefined according to a predefined rule in a coherent antenna port set.The correspondence is predefined, or is configured by using higher layersignaling, DCI, or any pre-agreed downlink channel.

For example, X bits may be added to the DCI to indicate a number of anantenna port for carrying a PTRS. Then, depending on a specific quantityof PTRSs, the X bits need to be interpreted and mapped by usingdifferent preset rules. Usually, if a quantity of antenna ports is Z,X=log₂Z or X=Z/2 may be taken. For example, X may be 2 in the example inTable 1. When a terminal device supports only one PTRS, the two bitsindicate which one of four antenna ports is used to send the PTRS. Whena terminal device can support a maximum of two PTRSs, the two bits mayrespectively indicate antenna ports corresponding to the PTRSs. Forexample, if the precoding codeword is P₄, the first bit is used toindicate whether the PTRS #1 is carried by the antenna port #1 or theantenna port #2. For example, when the first bit is 0, it indicates thatthe PTRS #1 is carried by the antenna port #1, or when the first bit is1, it indicates that the PTRS #1 is carried by the antenna port #2; andvice versa. When the preset rule 1 is used, the second bit is redundant.However, when the preset rule 2 is used, the second bit may be used toindicate whether the PTRS #2 is carried by the antenna port #3 or theantenna port #4. If the precoding codeword is P₆, whether the presetrule 1 or the preset rule 2 is used, the first bit may be used toindicate whether the PTRS #1 is carried by the antenna port #1 or theantenna port #3, and the second bit may be used to indicate whether thePTRS #2 is carried by the antenna port #2 or the antenna port #4.According to this method, the quantity of PTRSs is obtained in theforegoing manner, and then different mapping indications are performedon the X bits based on different quantities of PTRSs. Such a method mayalso be considered as an implicit indication.

Optionally, the X bits may be used to indicate numbers of antenna portsselected for X PTRSs. Each PTRS corresponds to two antenna ports. For abit corresponding to the PTRS, a value of 0 indicates one of the twoantenna ports, and a value of 1 indicates the other one of the twoantenna ports.

Optionally, the precoding codeword may be one codeword in a CBSR.

If the preset rule for determining the quantity of to-be-sent PTRSs andthe antenna ports for carrying the to-be-sent PTRSs needs to be furthersimplified, only rank information may be used. In this manner, theterminal device determines the quantity of PTRSs based on a value of arank, and then determines, based on a one-to-one correspondence betweenthe predetermined quantity of PTRSs and the antenna ports for carryingthe PTRSs, DMRS antenna ports for sending the to-be-sent PTRSs.

For example, if the uplink grant information includes the rankinformation, and the value of the rank is R, the quantity A ofto-be-sent PTRSs is min(R, C), min(S, C), min(Q, C), or any pre-agreedvalue, where C is a maximum quantity of PTRSs supported by the terminaldevice or a maximum quantity of PTRSs configured by a network device forthe terminal device, S is a minimum quantity of PTRSs supported by theterminal device when R is given, Q is a maximum quantity of PTRSssupported by the terminal device when R is given, C, R, S, and Q arepositive integers, and min( ) is an operation of finding a minimum valuein the brackets. After A is determined, optionally, A PTRSs aresuccessively selected as the to-be-sent PTRSs in ascending order of portnumbers of all the available PTRSs, or A PTRSs are successively selectedas the to-be-sent PTRSs in descending order of port numbers of all theavailable PTRSs, or A PTRSs are selected from all the available PTRSs asthe to-be-sent PTRSs according to any preset rule. For example,according to Table 1, the manner of successive selection in ascendingorder of the PTRS port numbers is actually used by default.

It can be learned that this mapping manner is simple, but a relativelylarge amount of content needs to be pre-agreed between the networkdevice and the terminal device. For example, when R=2, because noprecoding codeword information is used and a correspondence between aPTRS port and an antenna port is relatively fixed, an actually availableprecoding codeword may be only one of P₂ and P₃. In the example in Table1, C=2; therefore, when R=2, S=1, and Q=2. When the quantity A of PTRSsis min(R, C)=2 or min(Q, C)=2, only P₂ can be used, and an antenna portfor carrying a PTRS is determined based on the correspondence inTable 1. When the quantity A of PTRSs is min(S, C)=1, only P₃ can beused, and an antenna port for carrying a PTRS is determined based on thecorrespondence in Table 1.

Certainly, herein, a process of determining the quantity of PTRSs may bedirectly skipped, and a one-to-one correspondence may be establishedbetween the rank information and the antenna ports for carrying thePTRSs. For example, only some rows and columns in Table 1 are selectedto form Table 2. It should be noted that Table 2 is merely an example. Aselection rule is A=min(Q, C).

TABLE 2 Preset rule 1: Preset rule 2: A scheduling antenna port carriesa PTRS A sending antenna port carries a PTRS Number of a schedulingantenna Number of a sending antenna for Rank M port for carrying a PTRSN port carrying a PTRS 1 1 #1 2 #1 or #2 2 2 #1 (carrying a PTRS #1) 4#1 or #2 (carrying a PTRS #1) #2 (carrying a PTRS #2) #3 or #4 (carryinga PTRS #2) 3 3 #1 or #2 (carrying the PTRS #1) 4 #1 or #2 (carrying thePTRS #1) #3 (carrying the PTRS #2) #3 or #4 (carrying the PTRS #2) 4 4#1 or #3 (carrying the PTRS #1) 4 #1 or #3 (carrying the PTRS #1) #2 or#4 (carrying the PTRS #2) #2 or #4 (carrying the PTRS #2)

Likewise, if X bits are used to indicate the antenna ports for carryingthe PTRSs, the X bits may also be interpreted and mapped by using theforegoing method. Details are not described herein again.

Similarly, the terminal device may further determine information aboutan uplink PTRS port based on SRS resource information that correspondsto SRI in uplink scheduling grant information. The information about thePTRS port includes information about a quantity of PTRS ports andinformation about a correspondence between a PTRS port and a DMRS port.

S104. Send the to-be-sent PTRS on the antenna port.

It should be noted that the figure does not show a process ofdetermining a to-be-sent PTRS sequence and a time-frequency resource bythe terminal device, and specific processing steps such as resourcemapping, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, and frequencyconversion. Because all these belong to the prior art, details are notdescribed.

The example shown in FIG. 3 is an example for uplink transmission.Actually, these preset rules are also applicable to downlink PTRSreception. To be specific, in downlink transmission of data or controlinformation, a quantity of PTRSs used on a network device side andantenna ports for carrying the PTRSs may also be notified to a terminaldevice in an implicit manner or a partially implicit manner with Xadditional bits, based on a downlink transmission precoding codeword orrank information carried in DCI. FIG. 5 is an embodiment of PTRSreception.

S201. A terminal device obtains downlink grant information.

S202. The terminal device determines a quantity of to-be-received PTRSs.

S203. The terminal device determines, based on the downlink grantinformation and a preset rule, a to-be-received PTRS and an antenna portfor carrying the to-be-received PTRS, where the antenna port is selectedfrom an antenna port set, and the to-be-received PTRS is one or more ofall available PTRSs.

A method of steps S202 and S203 is consistent with that of steps S102and S103. Details are not described herein again.

S204. The terminal device detects the to-be-received PTRS on the antennaport.

It should be noted that the foregoing steps are not necessarilyperformed in sequence, and some steps are optional, such as step S102and step S202.

It should be further noted that all the foregoing methods relate to asingle TPMI. Usually, one TPMI corresponds to at least one PTRS.Therefore, when one piece of DCI or other uplink grant informationincludes two or more TPMIs, it means that the terminal device supportsat least two PTRSs. This capability and a correspondence between a PTRSand an antenna port may be notified to a network device when theterminal device accesses a network. Specifically, the foregoing methodmay be used to determine a PTRS corresponding to each TPMI.

Based on a concept as that of the PTRS sending method shown in FIG. 3,as shown in FIG. 6, an embodiment of this application further provides aPTRS sending apparatus 700. The PTRS sending apparatus 700 is configuredto perform the PTRS sending method shown in FIG. 3. Some or all of thesteps in the PTRS sending method shown in FIG. 3 may be implemented byusing hardware or software. When the steps are implemented by usinghardware, the PTRS sending apparatus 700 includes: an input interface701, configured to obtain uplink grant information; a logic circuit 702,configured to perform the PTRS sending method shown in FIG. 3, where fordetails, reference may be made to the descriptions in the foregoingmethod embodiment, and details are not described herein again; and anoutput interface 703, configured to output a PTRS.

Optionally, during specific implementation, the PTRS sending apparatus700 may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

Optionally, when some or all of the steps in the PTRS sending method inthe foregoing embodiment are implemented by using software, as shown inFIG. 7, a PTRS sending apparatus 800 includes: a memory 801, configuredto store a program; and a processor 802, configured to execute theprogram stored in the memory 801. When the program is executed, the PTRSsending apparatus 800 may implement the PTRS sending method provided inthe embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3.

Optionally, the memory 801 may be a physically independent unit, or maybe integrated with the processor 802.

Optionally, when some or all of the steps in the PTRS sending method inthe embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 are implemented by usingsoftware, the PTRS sending apparatus 800 may include only the processor802. The memory 801 configured to store the program is located outsidethe PTRS sending apparatus 800. The processor 802 is connected to thememory 801 by using a circuit or a wire, to read and execute the programstored in the memory 801.

The processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a networkprocessor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.

The processor 802 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chipmay be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmablelogic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a complexprogrammable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array(FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

The memory 801 may include a volatile memory, such as a random accessmemory (RAM). Alternatively, the memory 801 may include a non-volatilememory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or asolid-state drive (SSD). Alternatively, the memory 801 may include acombination of the foregoing types of memories.

Based on a similar concept as that of the PTRS sending method shown inthe embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 8, anembodiment of this application further provides a schematic structuraldiagram of an embodiment of a PTRS sending apparatus. The PTRS sendingapparatus may include an obtaining module 901, a determining module 902,and a sending module 903. The obtaining module 901 is configured toperform the method corresponding to step S101, the determining module902 is configured to perform the method corresponding to steps S102 andS103, and the sending module 903 is configured to perform the methodcorresponding to step S104. The apparatus is a terminal device.

The apparatus in this embodiment may be configured to execute thetechnical solution in the method embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3. Animplementation principle and a technical effect of the apparatus aresimilar to those of the method embodiment. Details are not describedherein again.

It should be noted that FIG. 8 does not show some or all of commonmodules in the prior art, including but not limited to PTRS sequencegeneration module, a time-frequency resource determining module, amodulation module, a digital-to-analog conversion module, a frequencyconversion module, and a sending module. The sending module isconfigured to send a PTRS. Before the PTRS is sent, operations such asmodulation and digital-to-analog conversion need to be furtherperformed.

Based on a similar concept as that of the PTRS sending method shown inFIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 9, an embodiment of this application furtherprovides a PTRS receiving apparatus 1100. The PTRS receiving apparatus1100 is configured to perform the PTRS receiving method shown in FIG. 5.Some or all of the steps in the PTRS receiving method shown in FIG. 5may be implemented by using hardware or software. When the steps areimplemented by using hardware, the PTRS receiving apparatus 1100includes: an input interface 1101, configured to obtain downlink grantinformation; a logic circuit 1102, configured to perform the PTRSreceiving method shown in FIG. 5, where for details, reference may bemade to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiment, and detailsare not described herein again; and an output interface 1103, configuredto output a PTRS obtained after detection.

Optionally, during specific implementation, the PTRS receiving apparatus1100 may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

Optionally, when some or all of the steps in the PTRS receiving methodin the foregoing embodiment are implemented by using software, as shownin FIG. 10, a PTRS receiving apparatus 1200 includes: a memory 1201,configured to store a program; and a processor 1202, configured toexecute the program stored in the memory 1201. When the program isexecuted, the PTRS receiving apparatus 1200 may implement the PTRSreceiving method provided in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5.

Optionally, the memory 1201 may be a physically independent unit, or maybe integrated with the processor 1202.

Optionally, when some or all of the steps in the PTRS receiving methodin the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5 are implemented by usingsoftware, the PTRS receiving apparatus 1200 may include only theprocessor 1202. The memory 1201 configured to store the program islocated outside the PTRS receiving apparatus 1200. The processor 1202 isconnected to the memory 1201 by using a circuit or a wire, to read andexecute the program stored in the memory 1201.

The processor 1202 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a networkprocessor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.

The processor 1202 may further include a hardware chip. The hardwarechip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), aprogrammable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD maybe a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gatearray (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

The memory 1201 may include a volatile memory, such as a random accessmemory (RAM). Alternatively, the memory 1201 may include a non-volatilememory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or asolid-state drive (SSD). Alternatively, the memory 1201 may include acombination of the foregoing types of memories.

Based on a similar concept as that of the PTRS receiving method shown inthe embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 11, anembodiment of this application further provides a schematic structuraldiagram of an embodiment of a PTRS receiving apparatus. The PTRSreceiving apparatus may include an obtaining module 1301, a determiningmodule 1302, and a detection module 1303. The obtaining module 1301 isconfigured to perform the method corresponding to step S201, thedetermining module 1302 is configured to perform the methodcorresponding to steps S202 and S203, and the detection module 1303 isconfigured to perform the method corresponding to step S204. Theapparatus is a terminal device.

The apparatus in this embodiment may be configured to execute thetechnical solution in the method embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5. Animplementation principle and a technical effect of the apparatus aresimilar to those of the method embodiment. Details are not describedherein again.

It should be noted that FIG. 11 does not show some or all of commonmodules in the prior art, including but not limited to a PTRS sequencedetermining module, a time-frequency resource determining module, ademodulation module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, and afrequency conversion module. The detection module is configured todetect a PTRS. Before detection, operations such as demodulation,analog-to-digital conversion, PTRS sequence mapping, and time-frequencyresource mapping need to be further performed.

A person skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments ofthis application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computerprogram product. Therefore, this application may use a form of hardwareonly embodiments, software only embodiments, or embodiments with acombination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may usea form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or morecomputer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a diskmemory, a CD-ROM, and an optical memory) that include computer-usableprogram code. The computer instructions may further be transmitted froma computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storagemedium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from awebsite, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer,server, or data center in a wired (for example, a coaxial cable, anoptical fiber, or a digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (forexample, infrared, radio, or microwave) manner.

This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and/orblock diagrams of the method, the device (system), and the computerprogram product according to the embodiments of this application. Itshould be understood that computer program instructions may be used toimplement each process and/or each block in the flowcharts and/or theblock diagrams and a combination of a process and/or a block in theflowcharts and/or the block diagrams. These computer programinstructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicatedcomputer, an embedded processor, or a processor of any otherprogrammable data processing device to generate a machine, so that theinstructions executed by a computer or a processor of any otherprogrammable data processing device generate an apparatus forimplementing a specific function in one or more processes in theflowcharts and/or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.

These computer program instructions may be stored in a computer readablememory that can instruct the computer or any other programmable dataprocessing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructionsstored in the computer readable memory generate an artifact thatincludes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implementsa specific function in one or more processes in the flowcharts and/or inone or more blocks in the block diagrams.

These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a computer oranother programmable data processing device, so that a series ofoperations and steps are performed on the computer or the anotherprogrammable device, thereby generating computer-implemented processing.Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or the anotherprogrammable device provide steps for implementing a specific functionin one or more processes in the flowcharts and/or in one or more blocksin the block diagrams.

Although some embodiments of this application have been described, aperson skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to theseembodiments once they learn the basic inventive concept. Therefore, thefollowing claims are intended to be construed as to cover theembodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scopeof this application.

Obviously, a person skilled in the art can make various modificationsand variations to the embodiments of this application without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Thisapplication is intended to cover these modifications and variationsprovided that they fall within the scope of the claims of thisapplication and their equivalent technologies.

What is claimed is:
 1. A phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sendingmethod, comprising: obtaining, by a terminal device, uplink grantinformation that comprises at least one transmission precoding matrixindicator (TPMI); determining, by the terminal device based on uplinkgrant information and a preset rule, an antenna port associated with ato-be-sent PTRS for each of the at least one TPMI, wherein the antennaport associated with the to-be-sent PTRS is selected from an antennaport set and the to-be-sent PTRS is one or more of all available PTRSs,the preset rule comprises each column of a precoding codewordcorresponding to one of the at least one TPMI and each antenna port inthe antenna port set corresponding to the one of the at least one TPMIare in a one-to-one correspondence, and antenna ports in the antennaport set that correspond to columns in which non-zero elements in a samerow of the precoding codeword are located correspond to a sameto-be-sent PTRS; and sending, by the terminal device, the at least oneto-be-sent PTRS on the at least one antenna port corresponding to the atleast one TPMI.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antennaport set is a scheduling antenna port set.
 3. The method according toclaim 1, wherein before the terminal device obtains the uplink grantinformation, the terminal device sends, to the network device,capability information of supporting at least two PTRSs.
 4. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the uplink grant information furthercomprises X bits, and the X bits are used to indicate numbers of antennaports associated with X to-be-sent PTRSs.
 5. The method according toclaim 4, wherein any bit in the X bits is used to indicate a number ofan antenna port of one to-be-sent PTRS; the one to-be-sent PTRScorresponds to two antenna ports; and for the any bit, a value of 0indicates one of the two antenna ports, and a value of 1 indicates theother one of the two antenna ports.
 6. The method according to claim 4,wherein X is equal to
 2. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein thesending, by the terminal device, the at least one to-be-sent PTRS is:putting, by the terminal device, the at least one to-be-sent PTRS on theat least one antenna port associated with the to-be-sent PTRScorresponding to the at least one TPMI.
 8. The method according to claim1, wherein the antenna port set comprises at least four antenna ports.9. A phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sending apparatus,comprising: a memory, configured to store instructions; and a processorconfigured to execute the instructions stored in the memory to: obtainuplink grant information, wherein the uplink grant information comprisesat least one transmission precoding matrix indicator (TPMI); anddetermine, based on the uplink grant information and a preset rule, anantenna port associated with a to-be-sent PTRS for each of the at leastone TPMI, wherein the antenna port associated with the to-be-sent PTRSis selected from an antenna port set, and the to-be-sent PTRS is one ormore of all available PTRSs, wherein the preset rule comprises: eachcolumn of a precoding codeword corresponding to one of the at least oneTPMI and each antenna port in the antenna port set corresponding to theone of the at least one TPMI are in a one-to-one correspondence, andantenna ports in the antenna port set that correspond to columns inwhich non-zero elements in a same row of the precoding codeword arelocated correspond to a same to-be-sent PTRS.
 10. The apparatusaccording to claim 9 wherein the antenna port set is a schedulingantenna port set.
 11. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein beforeobtaining the uplink grant information, the processor is furtherconfigured to send, to the network device, capability information ofsupporting at least two PTRSs.
 12. The apparatus according to claim 9,wherein the uplink grant information comprises X bits, and the X bitsare used to indicate a number of the antenna port associated with theto-be-sent PTRS.
 13. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein any bitin the X bits is used to indicate a number of an antenna port of oneto-be-sent PTRS; the one to-be-sent PTRS corresponds to two antennaports; and for the any bit, a value of 0 indicates one of the twoantenna ports, and a value of 1 indicates the other one of the twoantenna ports.
 14. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein X isequal to
 2. 15. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein theprocessor is further configured to put the at least one to-be-sent PTRSon the at least one antenna port associated with the to-be-sent PTRScorresponding to the at least one TPMI.
 16. The apparatus according toclaim 9, wherein the antenna port set comprises at least four antennaports.
 17. A phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) transmission method,comprising: sending, by a network device, uplink grant information,wherein the uplink grant information comprises precoding codewordinformation; receiving, by the network device, a PTRS on an antennaport, wherein the antenna port is determined based on the uplink grantinformation and a preset rule, the antenna port associated with the PTRSis selected from an antenna port set and the PTRS is one or more of allavailable PTRSs; and the preset rule comprises: each column of aprecoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codeword informationand each antenna port in the antenna port set are in a one-to-onecorrespondence, and antenna ports in the antenna port set thatcorrespond to columns in which non-zero elements in a same row of theprecoding codeword are located correspond to a same PTRS.
 18. The methodaccording to claim 17, wherein the antenna port set is a schedulingantenna port set.
 19. The method according to claim 17, wherein theuplink grant information comprises X bits, and the X bits are used toindicate numbers of antenna ports associated with X to-be-sent PTRSs.20. The method according to claim 19, wherein any bit in the X bits isused to indicate a number of an antenna port of one to-be-sent PTRS; theone to-be-sent PTRS corresponds to two antenna ports; and for the anybit, a value of 0 indicates one of the two antenna ports, and a value of1 indicates the other one of the two antenna ports.
 21. The methodaccording to claim 19, wherein X is equal to
 2. 22. The method accordingto claim 17, wherein the antenna port set comprises at least fourantenna ports.
 23. A phase tracking reference signal PTRS transmissionapparatus, comprising a processor, wherein the processor is configuredto: send uplink grant information, wherein the uplink grant informationcomprises precoding codeword information; and receive a PTRS on anantenna port, wherein the antenna port is determined based on the uplinkgrant information and a preset rule, the antenna port associated withthe PTRS is selected from an antenna port set and the to-be-sent PTRS isone or more of all available PTRSs; and the preset rule comprises: eachcolumn of a precoding codeword corresponding to the precoding codewordinformation and each antenna port in the antenna port set are in aone-to-one correspondence, and antenna ports in the antenna port setthat correspond to columns in which non-zero elements in a same row ofthe precoding codeword are located correspond to a same PTRS.
 24. Theapparatus according to claim 23, wherein the apparatus further comprisesa memory, and the memory is configured to store a program instruction tobe executed by the processor.
 25. The apparatus according to claim 23,wherein the antenna port set is a scheduling antenna port set.
 26. Theapparatus according to claim 23, wherein the uplink grant informationcomprises X bits, and the X bits are used to indicate a number of theantenna port associated with the to-be-sent PTRS.
 27. The apparatusaccording to claim 26, wherein any bit in the X bits is used to indicatea number of an antenna port of one to-be-sent PTRS; the one to-be-sentPTRS corresponds to two antenna ports; and for the any bit, a value of 0indicates one of the two antenna ports, and a value of 1 indicates theother one of the two antenna ports.
 28. The apparatus according to claim26, wherein X is equal to
 2. 29. The apparatus according to claim 23,wherein the antenna port set comprises at least four antenna ports.